British citizenship application guide
Understand the eligibility rules, documents, fees, and timelines for becoming a British citizen by naturalisation.
Eligibility checklist
Residency requirements
- Five years of lawful residence in the UK (or three years if applying as the spouse or civil partner of a British citizen).
- No more than 450 days outside the UK in the qualifying period (270 days for spouses/civil partners).
- Physically present in the UK exactly five (or three) years before the application date.
Good character
- No serious or recent criminal convictions.
- No immigration offences or deception in previous applications.
- Willingness to live in the UK and respect its laws and values.
Language & knowledge
- Pass the Life in the UK Test (unless exempt).
- Demonstrate English level B1 CEFR or higher via an approved SELT or degree taught in English.
Immigration status
- Hold Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR), settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, or permanent residence.
- Have held settled status for at least 12 months unless married to a British citizen.
Application process
- Gather documents: Passport, BRP, proof of residence, Life in the UK Test pass certificate, English language evidence, and referees.
- Prepare referees: Two people aged 25+, one with a professional standing, who have known you for at least three years.
- Complete Form AN: Submit online via GOV.UK and pay the application fee.
- Book biometrics: Attend a UKVCAS appointment to provide fingerprints and a digital photo.
- Wait for a decision: The Home Office typically responds within 3–6 months.
- Book your ceremony: If approved, attend a citizenship ceremony within 3 months to receive your certificate.
Fees and timelines (2024)
| Item | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Naturalisation application (Form AN) | £1,500 | Includes citizenship ceremony fee |
| Life in the UK Test | £50 | Book via GOV.UK only |
| Biometric enrolment | Included | Additional cost for premium appointments |
| Replacement ceremony certificate | £250 | Only if you need a duplicate copy |
Exceptions and special cases
- Children: Applicants under 18 can be registered as British citizens under different rules (Forms MN1 or T).
- Refugees or stateless persons: May have alternative routes; consult specialist advisers.
- Members of the armed forces: Reduced residency requirement. Check Form AN guidance.
- Applicants with disabilities: Reasonable adjustments can be requested for both the test and biometrics.
Keep your information current
Always verify the latest requirements on GOV.UK. Policies and fees may change without notice, and the Home Office guidance takes precedence over any unofficial summary.